How to run a docker image without docker desktop installation in Windows 10 VM with virtulization and hyper-v enabled?

Installing WSL 2

1. Open PowerShell as an administrator: Right-click the Windows Start button and select "Windows Terminal (Admin)" or "Command Prompt (Admin)."

2. Enable the WSL feature:

   powershell
   dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart
   

3. Enable the Virtual Machine Platform feature:

   powershell
   dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart
   

4. Restart your computer to complete the installation of the Virtual Machine Platform feature.

5. After restarting, open PowerShell as an administrator again.

6. Set WSL 2 as the default version:

   powershell
   wsl --set-default-version 2
   

7. Install a Linux distribution of your choice from the Microsoft Store or by using the command-line. For example, to install Ubuntu:

   powershell
   wsl --install -d Ubuntu
   

8. Initialize your newly installed Linux distribution and follow the prompts to set up a user and password.

WSL 2 is now installed and ready for use.

Installing Docker in WSL 2

To install Docker in WSL 2, follow these steps:

1. Open a WSL 2 terminal.

2. Run the following command:

   bash
   sudo apt update && sudo apt install docker.io
   

Running the Docker Image

To run a Docker image in WSL 2, follow these steps:

1. Open a WSL 2 terminal.

2. Run the following command to start a Docker container based on an image:

   bash
   docker run -it <image_name>
   

   For example, to run the hello-world image:

   bash
   docker run -it hello-world
   

   This will start a new container and display the message "Hello from Docker!" on the console.

3. If you need to map specific ports, use the -p option. For instance, to run the hello-world image on port 80:

   bash
   docker run -it -p 80:80 hello-world
   

You can then access the container on port 80 of your machine.

Example

To run the nginx image in a Windows 10 VM with virtualization and Hyper-V enabled:

1. Install WSL 2.

2. Install Docker in WSL 2.

3. Run the nginx image with the following command:

   bash
   docker run -it -p 80:80 nginx
   

You can access the Nginx web server on port 80 of your host machine.

Note: If you are running Docker in a VM, you may need to configure port forwarding to access the container from the host machine.